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Mercedes DIII High Compression
The Mercedes D-III High Compression Engine
by Scott Campbell
[The following rules regarding the Mercedes DIII engine were officially adopted by the Indy Squadron
on January 1, 2003, with the provision that the aircraft statistics and the engine's frequency of appearance were
subject to change and development. Passed by 4-0 vote].
Based
on research performed by this author the Mercedes D-III which came out in the late summer of 1916 went through a significant
series of changes throughout the First World War. This series of changes had an
impact on the net horsepower output of the base engine. However, German records
have shown that despite significant changes in the power output of the base engine, planes equipped with the improved
engine went on record as having the intitial production run of the same original 160 hp Mercedes D-III. Thus, even though the engine was improved upon it was still refered to as the "160 hp Mercedes" in the books. This is because this was the original production release of the engine which produced,
initially, 160 hp. In some cases however, some planes are recorded as having
the 180 hp Mercedes D-IIIa because their initial production run began with the new batch of Mercedes D-IIIa production engines
- for example, the Pfalz D-IIIa and the Albatros D-Va. In summary, the table below shows the approximate timeline and design changes associated with the Mercedes D-III.
Table 1: Summary of Significant Mercedes D-III Changes
|
Engine Name |
Date |
Modification |
Power
|
|
Mercedes D-III |
8/15/16 |
Initial production run with concave pistons
|
160 hp |
|
Mercedes D-III |
2/1/17 |
Replaced concave pistons with flat shaped piston head for Albatros D-III |
175 hp |
|
Mercedes D-IIIa |
9/15/17 |
Initial production run of D-IIIa block with minor changes and new carburator |
180 hp |
|
Mercedes D-IIIaü |
3/1/18 |
High compression domed pistons replaced the flat headed pistons and altitude compensating
carburator/throttle added |
200 hp |
|
Mercedes D-IIIavü |
10/15/18 |
Oversized cylinders with aluminum pistons were added changing bore size |
220 hp |
As
can be seen from table 1 above, by the end of the war the Mercedes D-III was putting out 220 hp. This model, however, came so late that it is doubtful whether it saw any action.
The
ü stands for uberverdichtete or high compression. This is quite a difference from
the 160 hp output of the baseline design. This 160 hp Mercedes designation was
used, in the case of the Fokker D-VII records, to show which engine was in the plane. However, at
that stage of the war, 160 hp was not what the engine was producing. The
dates shown above are when the changes were initiated not only for current production engines, but also in the field, retro-fitting
on older engines. Records show that older 160 hp motors were brought back to repair
depos or torn apart in the field and, after the new pistons were added, were producing 200 hp. Janes authoritative publications confirmed this when on June 6, 1918 a Fokker D-VII was brought down behind
allied lines and the engine was tested and shown to make 200 hp. In fact, in one instance
the same motor was used in three different aircraft. The impact this could have on
the FITS aircraft stats comes through the Albatros D-V and D-Va, which were retro-fitted due to their vast produced
and their need for better performance. The change that is missing in the game
is the Mercedes D-IIIaü. 1,500 domed pistons per month became available in March of 1918 for retro-fitting to older Mercedes
D-IIIs and IIIas in addition to brand new production engines4. Thus roughly 250 Mercedes-equipped
aircraft per month were upgraded to produce 200 hp. Table 2 below shows the
chances of obtaining the 200 hp Mercedes when a player rolls up the Albatros D-V/Va in March of 1918 or later. It also shows the chance of obtaining the 200 hp Mercedes when the Fokker D-VII 160hp Mercedes is rolled. The change in aircraft stats follow this table:
|
Revised Table by Al Christensen |
|
Month |
Alb DV or DVa |
Fkr DVII |
|
March 1918 |
1 |
- |
|
April 1918 |
1-2 |
- |
|
May 1918 |
1-3 |
1 |
|
June 1918 |
1-4 |
1-2 |
|
July 1918 |
1-5 |
1-3 |
|
August 1918 |
1-5 |
1-4 |
|
Sept 1918 |
1-5 |
1-5 |
|
October 1918 |
1-5 |
1-5 |
|
November 1918 |
1-5 |
1-5 |
In the
table above, all 1st or 2nd mission pilots add 1 to their die roll. Pilots with
at least 12m or 5k subtract one from the die roll. Subtract one more for every
12m or 5k increment over and above this.
Albatros DVa High Compression |
|
200hp
Mercedes |
Mar 18- Nov 18 |
|
Altitude
(ft) |
Top |
Turn |
Climb (ft) |
|
to
4,950 |
120 |
90 |
350 |
|
5,000-9,950 |
110 |
80 |
300 |
|
10,000-14,950 |
100 |
80 |
250 |
|
15,000-up |
90 |
70 |
150 |
|
Maximum
Dive: 1,400 |
Ceiling: 21,000 |
Two ff Spandau |
|
Single
seat fighter |
|
German |
|
6-11-14-10
12-12-12 |
Fokker DVII High Compression |
|
200hp
Mercedes |
May 18- Nov 18 |
|
Altitude
(ft) |
Top |
Turn |
Climb (ft) |
|
to
4,950 |
120 |
100 |
350 |
|
5,000-9,950 |
110 |
100 |
300 |
|
10,000-14,950 |
110 |
90 |
250 |
|
15,000-up |
100 |
90 |
200 |
|
Maximum
Dive: 1,500 |
Ceiling: 22,200 |
Two ff Spandau |
|
Single
seat fighter |
|
German |
|
6-11-16-12
12-13-12 |
References
1. Peter Gray and Owen Thetford - German Aircraft of World War I 1969
2. The Complete Encyclopedia of World Aircraft - Barnes&Noble books copywrite 1995
3. Albatros D-III Winsock Data Files by Raymond Rimell
4. Albatros D-V Winsock Data Files by Raymond Rimell
5. Mercedes Engine Build Records and Design changes summary sheets from Stutgart, Gmbh.
obtained through Dave Watts a restorer of a Mercedes D-IIIa in Indianapolis
6. Army acceptance sheets for Fokker aircraft from Fokker in Holland.
7.
Janes Aircraft of World War I Mercedes Engine Section
8.
Stanley M. Ulanoff - The Red Baron
9.
Profile Publications by Peter Gray - The Albatros D-V.
10. Over the Front, Vol 15, No 3, "The Fokker DVII in Service," page 234.
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